Thursday, March 19, 2020
Wend and Wind
Wend and Wind Wend and Wind Wend and Wind By Maeve Maddox A reader questions the use of wind (rhymes with kind) in the following notation on the website of the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA): After expediting your arrival and clearing you to the ramp, ATC has one last function. They will fill out a mandatory occurrence report (MOR), which will wind its way to a flight standards district office (FSDO) where it will be assigned to an inspector. Says the reader, I had always thought, and still believe, that the correct word is wend, not wind, although the former does imply a winding course. Please comment. Both verbs, to wend and to wind, have been with us since Old English times: wendan verb: to turn, direct. windan verb: to plait, curl, twist Wend has been used with different meanings of turn, such as ââ¬Å"to translate/turn a text from one language to another,â⬠but it has retained the connotation of the kind of turning involved in travel or the movement of a river. In Old English, wind had additional meanings such as whirl, brandish, swing, fly, leap, etc. The word is frequently seen in lively descriptions of Old English battle scenes. Its most common use now is to convey the idea of twisting. As weââ¬â¢re discussing wend and wind, Iââ¬â¢ll mention a similar verb form, went. Like wend and wind, the verb go existed in Old English. Its past tense was eode. The form went belonged to the verb wendan. Speakers tended to mix up the past of wend with the past of go. In time, eode was replaced by went as the simple past of go. The past of wend became wended. The original past participle form of go (gan) remains with us as gone. In modern usage, wend is used chiefly in the sense of making oneââ¬â¢s way, especially in an unhurried manner by an indirect route. Itââ¬â¢s used literally and figuratively. Here are examples of recent usage: This was a four-month trek that began in London andà wendedà its way through Centralà Europeà and on to the Middle East.à We adjourned soon after the first ballet, andà wendedà our way back to the restaurant, where supper was already awaiting us. Just before the troops arrived, a federal judge blocked key components of SB 1070 from going into effect as scheduled, and the case seems sure to wend its way ultimately to the U.S. Supreme Court. Even if you dont live near theà sea, much of the run-off from your garden ends up down the drain, whichà wendsà itsà wayà down to theà seaà eventually. Wind, with its past tense wound, is used in a similar way to describe a convoluted and slow course of movement, as in these examples: Mules and donkeys strung together in groups of fiveà wound their way down the mountainà toward the river.à A bill is currently winding its way through the U.S. Congress to give Europeans the right to legal redress. The case eventually wound its wayà to the Supreme Court where Ginzburg lost on aà 5-4 decision in 1966, ultimately serving eight months in prison. Ià sawà their gauntà figures wind downà the valley, andà watchedà them till they disappeared inà the distance.à The Awash River winds downà from the mountains through deep gorges to the plain. My answer to the readerââ¬â¢s question is that either wind or wend works in the context of a report making its slow way to the appropriate office. Iââ¬â¢d be hard-pressed to formulate a rule for when to use wend and when to use wind. I think that if I wished to emphasize the leisureliness and intentionality of the movement, Iââ¬â¢d choose wend. To emphasize sinuousness and obstruction, Iââ¬â¢d choose wind. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Writing a Reference Letter (With Examples)What is Dative Case?Writing Styles (with Examples)
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